Cybernetics
The term derives from the Greek word for steersman.
Initially, the science of
control and communication in the animal and the machine, living organisms and
their environment. One of the first author who used and determined word
cybernetics is Norbert Wiener in 1948 defined it as the “science of
communication and control in the animal and the machine”.
Nowadays cybernetics has many disciplines in science with wide application area.
One of these areas is cybernetics applied in techniques. One distinction,
according to Ludwig Bertalanffy is that “Cybernetics is a theory of control
systems based on communication (transfer of information) between systems and
environment and within the system, and control (feedback) of the system's
function in regard to environment.”
Cybernetics in techniques includes segments like automatic controlling systems,
remote measuring and controlling, computers and others. Artificial intelligence is
one of the great
challenge in cybernetics.
